Chapter 808: 808
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"Interdisciplinary team?" Lu Weiwei was stunned. She couldn't help but say: "it's very impressive to hear the name. Isn't there not only a forensic doctor, but also other police and other professional personnel to participate in it?"
Liu nodded slightly: "it's almost the same meaning, because in Jiangnan City, we still need to strengthen training in diatom detection, otherwise Gao Chuanfeng would not have asked such stupid questions."
"Er." Suddenly feel himself lying in the gun, Gaochuan Feng feel the whole person is not good.
Gu Chen is slightly frowned, tentatively said: "to build such an interdisciplinary team, it must be transferred backbone, team members must have forensic medicine, materials, chemistry, biology."
"Yes, you're absolutely right." Liu fully agreed with Gu Chen's opinion, but he could not help saying:
"with this interdisciplinary team, the next step is to focus on tackling three difficult problems."
Officer Wang didn't understand very well. He asked, "forensic Liu, can you be more specific? What are the three problems? "
After completing the periodic tests on his hands, Liu said, "the first thing is to digest the tissue and keep the shell of diatom."
"Second, diatoms need to be enriched, and the third is process pollution prevention."
Seeing the people bow their heads to think, Liu said: "these seemingly simple steps, in fact, if they are not operated properly in the process, there will be many problems."
"For example, for diatom detection technology, this research is not just in the beginning. As early as 2003, the team bought an electron microscope to study the abnormal particles in drowned corpses."
"They used the foreign bodies in the corpse to determine the cause and location of death. During the experiment, these forensic doctors were surprised to find that diatoms were more effective in practical application, but also defective."
"Master, don't talk about the advantages, but talk about the disadvantages." Medical assistant Gao Chuanfeng is also a little impatient.
Liu gave him a glance and said, "if it is a defect, it is a defect in operation."
"Operational defects?" Gao Chuan Feng a stay, quickly frown and ask: "which aspect does it refer to specifically?"
"In practice, the effect of diatom detection technology may not be satisfactory." Gu Chen said.
Liu nodded slightly: "yes, I mean this operation defect, because the effect is relative."
Lu Weiwei, if thoughtful, is also asking Liu Fa doctor: "according to why, why?"
"This..." Liu was just about to open his mouth, but he glanced at Gu Chen beside him, so he directly asked Gu Chen: "this question, Gu Chen, what's your opinion?"
"I think it's pollution." Gu Chen directly said: "pollution is a big problem, and there is a low detection rate, third, can not form a standard."
"Gu Chen, you go on talking," Liu said with a smile
"Yes." Gu Chen nodded silently. After a few seconds of silence, Gu Chen explained to everyone:
"maybe famous teachers can do this test, but others can't, that is to say, there is no repeatability."
"But there is no repetition. It can only be called experience, not science."
"That's great." Liu agreed with Gu Chen's view very much, but also could not help saying: "take me for example. Maybe for the detection, with my own rich detection experience, maybe we can succeed."
"But if, I mean if, give it to Gao Chuanfeng and other assistants to do it."
"In terms of experience, they are certainly not as good as mine. The consequence of their lack of experience is that the detection is not ideal and can not achieve accurate results."
"Therefore, this is what Gu Chen said. Things without repetition can only be called experience, not science."
"But to solve this problem, we have taken many detours."
"Yes." Gu Chen felt the same, nodded slightly and said, "for many years, in fact, the most traditional way to find diatoms It's a tissue specimen taken from a corpse. "
After extraction, the tissues were digested with mixed acid, centrifuged and separated, and finally the slides were prepared
"But after that, we have to use a light microscope to look for diatoms."
After a pause, Gu Chen said, "but there are many problems with such a traditional extraction method."
"Because the traditional strong acid digestion method is open, in the digestion process There is a risk of burning human body due to strong acid spraying. "
"In addition, nitrogen dioxide and malodorous gases released from the digestion process of strong acids and samples are easy to pollute the environment."
"So much trouble?" Officer Wang can't understand what Gu Chen is talking about. After all, these are beyond his cognitive outline.
Gu Chen is slightly nodded, continue to say: "yes, it is very troublesome, this is also a drawback."
"In addition, conventional digestion usually requires repeated centrifugation before slicing and observation. Once centrifugation, about 30% of diatom will be lost, resulting in low recovery rate of diatom extraction.""In addition, the traditional optical microscope has limited magnification, and relies on artificial search and analysis, and for micro diatoms, it is easy to miss detection or to accurately identify its species."
"But the characteristics of diatom determine that it is still the gold standard for drowning diagnosis. Through the analysis of diatom, it can not only judge the cause of death more directly, but also point to the possible drowning place."
"Yes, Gu Chen said very well." Liu forensic medical examiner, who has completed the next step of testing, carries out various operations in his hands, and looks back to everyone and says:
it is because of the traditional way of detection There are many disadvantages, so it is only by overcoming difficulties and improving technology that can make the results prominent. "
"In this regard, the Yangcheng colleagues did a good job."
"So how can we upgrade the existing diatom testing methods to make them practical?"
"The colleagues in Yangcheng have formed an interdisciplinary team composed of technical backbones in the criminal department. Besides the forensic, material, chemistry and biology, the team members have also studied materials."
"It is also because of such a multidisciplinary team of multi-key talents that can make breakthroughs in Deconstruction of organizations, preservation of diatom shell, enrichment of diatoms and process pollution prevention."
Looking back at the eyes, Liu forensics sighed deeply and said with a smile: "people often arrange the experiment in the night and in the wild, just like us, in order to do experimental research."
"Because we do drowning research, we can not cause too much attention from the society, and can not affect our daily life."
"Sometimes they go to the lake in the middle of the night to do research, and they go to the sea as far as possible, and call on sanitation vehicles to transport the lake back to the laboratory for research."
"It is because of this spirit of overcoming difficulties that people have been exploring technology by item, upgrading the traditional strong acid digestion to centrifugal enrichment, to optical microscopy, to microwave digestion, to filter membrane enrichment, to scanning electron microscopy."
"In this way, the time for the diatom to be processed It's a qualitative leap to cut the percentage of diatoms by three quarters, and the positive rate of diatoms has risen from 28 to 97 percent. "
"Yes." Gu Chen smiled and continued to supplement the speech of Liu forensic: "in fact, microwave digestion is used instead of traditional strong acid digestion, which shortens the treatment time, reduces the pollution to the environment, and the speed is fast and the digestion effect is thorough."
"The filtration with filter membrane not only replaces the traditional centrifugal treatment, but also greatly improves the recovery rate of diatom extraction."
"And the diameter of the filter hole on this membrane is only 0.45 microns."
Looking at the eyes, Gu Chen deliberately reminded: "please note that it is only 0.45 microns, which is enough to stop diatoms in nature."
"And use electron microscopy instead of traditional optical microscopy."
Luweiwei nodded silently and asked Gu Chen: "I know that the detection effect of electron microscope is far higher than that of traditional optical microscope."
"But, brother Gu, can you give a specific comparison, so that we can have a more intuitive understanding."
"Cough." In the face of Vivian's curiosity, Gu Chen coughed two times, and adjusted the airway:
so I will tell you that the magnification of traditional optical microscopy is only about 400 times, and it needs to be recognized by human eyes. "
"And the electron microscope can be scanned automatically, fast and accurate, and it is easy to realize automation."
"Technology alone, they are not on one level."
"It turns out that is not more simple and accurate?" "Automatic scanning, fast and accurate, easy to achieve automation, that any one can also hand."
"Yes." "It happened that we had one in our laboratory, so the detection was not complicated. The key is that the same people in sheep city paved the way for us."
"Yes." Gu Chen went to an electron microscope and said: "I remember the research team in Yangcheng, which has made remarkable achievements in a series of scientific instruments and scientific methods."
"And they have published many papers in the top international journal of forensic medicine, and have been invited to attend the International Court of justice Science Conference for academic reports for many years."
"In addition, they have also received four patents for invention and three patents for utility models."
"Hey, hey." Liu forensic heard of the words, but also envied: "they are mainly composed of backbone of the professional team of the boast discipline."
"In fact, I also set up research ideas many years ago, but I was not qualified and very worldly. It was just a dream to find this backbone interdisciplinary team member."
"And even if I have interdisciplinary team members and all of them are backbone, but the research funds are not in place, it is difficult to make a difference in this subject."
It seems to be with regret, Liu forensic after hearing Gu Chen praise the same company in Yangcheng, but also deeply breathes a sigh, trying to calm down the mood.Everyone seems to feel the helplessness of forensic Liu, can only look at each other, and dare not speak.
Liu chuckled: "it's not necessary for us to invest in software and equipment to complete the project."
"And even if you set up a professional interdisciplinary team, it will take years to do research, and you may not be able to achieve results in the end."
"Therefore, to obtain an upgrade detection scheme, it depends not only on the ability of the team, but also on the determination of the leaders to see whether they are willing to invest heavily in scientific research projects."
"And scientific research projects, often the most expensive, are not as fast as buying and selling real estate, and they can't make quick achievements."
"If the leader in charge has patience, he is afraid that the leader will be replaced, and the follow-up of the project will be cut off for other expenses."
"Anyway, it's not so easy to set up a scientific research project."
"Although I'm no longer a rookie at that time, I've also put forward suggestions with the leaders and can obtain a lot of research funds."
"But technology is always innovating. If you don't do it in the first place, people who are more willing to do it will take the lead."
"So now people have done these subjects, and they have also upgraded the detection scheme and widely promoted the new technology."
"The testing scheme we are using is based on the results of others."
"Forensic Liu, don't lose heart." Seeing Liu's feelings, Lu Weiwei quickly came to comfort her and said: "even though the diatom detection project is the first one to produce results, we can still make breakthroughs in other fields."
"Ha ha." Seeing that Lu Weiwei is so naive, Gao Chuanfeng, a forensic assistant, could not help laughing, but also said: "I said, Lu Weiwei, do you think the scientific research project is so easy to operate? I'll tell you, these so-called elite colleagues have not been idle these years. "
"All scientific research projects that are easy to operate and produce results have been basically done by others. At this stage, it is even more difficult to find new research projects in emerging fields."
"There are not a few decent high standard laboratories to do the foundation, you go to do it for me to see?"
Lu Weiwei was stunned and said: "well, I'll just talk about it casually. I'm not good at scientific research, but younger martial brother Gu can help."
After hearing the speech, Gu Chen nodded silently: "yes, if there is anything that can be used by me, I am willing to help without affecting my work. After all, I also need to learn."
"Ha ha." Listen to Gu Chen said that he also want to learn, Liu forensic medicine on the spot said with a smile: "you Gu Chen has this enthusiasm, also does not waste our Municipal Bureau Technology Department, every time give you priority to do testing."
Looking at the electron microscope in front of him, Liu also said with emotion: "new technology has been developed, but at the beginning, the cost of equipment required was too high, such as microwave and scanning electron microscope, which was very high. Not every public security unit, especially the grass-roots unit, could afford it."
"So why are the colleagues in Yangcheng so good? Because they also help us think about it."
"For this reason, they have also specially considered the popularization scheme of high quality and low price."
"You mean Leford aqua regia? " Asked Gu Chen.
Liu Xiangjun nodded: "yes, it's leford aqua regia. I didn't expect that you Gu Chen even knew this?"
"A little bit, but only a little bit." In fact, Gu Chen is quite familiar with this technology. In some scientific research journals, he even made special reading notes.
However, Mr. Liu told Mr. Liu that he would not be too modest to explain.
Liu also nodded and said: "because of the high cost of microwave digestion apparatus, we invented leford aqua regia, which is the mixture digestion method of three parts nitric acid and one part hydrochloric acid."
"The effect is better than the traditional strong acid digestion, with the characteristics of simple, efficient, accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis, low cost, simple operation and strong practicability."
Looking at the electron microscope in front of him, Liu also laughed: "the cost of electron microscope is also very high, so our colleagues in Yangcheng try to find a way to make the filter membrane transparent, so that we can observe through the optical microscope."
"In order to fill in the blank of diatom research, they also collected water samples from all over the country, observed and classified the diatom components, and systematized the research on diatoms in China."
"As far as this is concerned, people are really hard at it. It's natural that they can get such a great honor. We don't have to be jealous."
"Well, no pains, no gains." Lu Weiwei also said casually that this kind of scientific research is too complicated to be operated by the general scientific research team.
"The multi vacuum diatom enrichment equipment and consumables developed by Yangcheng Criminal Research Institute have realized industrial transformation and have been listed as the necessary equipment for provincial public security organs by the Ministry of public security," Liu said with a smile"At present, the criminal Institute of Yangcheng has held several training courses, and has attracted colleagues from all over the country to participate in the study, and has helped many provinces and cities to establish diatom testing laboratories."
"Not only that, but also tested a series of difficult cases for the whole country, and obtained clear conclusions, which played a key role in determining the nature, handling and litigation of the cases."
"And the most important thing is that Whether it is to assist in the examination or come to study, they will not accept a cent. "
"No money?" When he heard this, officer Wang was also shocked: "so This is the pattern. "
"Not really." Liu is also laughing Zizi said: "people can solve problems for everyone, that is the happiest thing for others."
"Moreover, after the development of this technology, the number of petition cases of corpses in water in Guangdong Province has gone from more than a dozen to a few in the past three years. This is also the social benefit of the new method of forensic diatom test."
"As for the recent, they will open a training course in Yangcheng to help train the testing personnel from all over the country to master the latest diatom detection technology."
"I'm going to choose a team to participate in, but I don't know Are you interested? "
……
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"Interdisciplinary team?" Lu Weiwei was stunned. She couldn't help but say: "it's very impressive to hear the name. Isn't there not only a forensic doctor, but also other police and other professional personnel to participate in it?"
Liu nodded slightly: "it's almost the same meaning, because in Jiangnan City, we still need to strengthen training in diatom detection, otherwise Gao Chuanfeng would not have asked such stupid questions."
"Er." Suddenly feel himself lying in the gun, Gaochuan Feng feel the whole person is not good.
Gu Chen is slightly frowned, tentatively said: "to build such an interdisciplinary team, it must be transferred backbone, team members must have forensic medicine, materials, chemistry, biology."
"Yes, you're absolutely right." Liu fully agreed with Gu Chen's opinion, but he could not help saying:
"with this interdisciplinary team, the next step is to focus on tackling three difficult problems."
Officer Wang didn't understand very well. He asked, "forensic Liu, can you be more specific? What are the three problems? "
After completing the periodic tests on his hands, Liu said, "the first thing is to digest the tissue and keep the shell of diatom."
"Second, diatoms need to be enriched, and the third is process pollution prevention."
Seeing the people bow their heads to think, Liu said: "these seemingly simple steps, in fact, if they are not operated properly in the process, there will be many problems."
"For example, for diatom detection technology, this research is not just in the beginning. As early as 2003, the team bought an electron microscope to study the abnormal particles in drowned corpses."
"They used the foreign bodies in the corpse to determine the cause and location of death. During the experiment, these forensic doctors were surprised to find that diatoms were more effective in practical application, but also defective."
"Master, don't talk about the advantages, but talk about the disadvantages." Medical assistant Gao Chuanfeng is also a little impatient.
Liu gave him a glance and said, "if it is a defect, it is a defect in operation."
"Operational defects?" Gao Chuan Feng a stay, quickly frown and ask: "which aspect does it refer to specifically?"
"In practice, the effect of diatom detection technology may not be satisfactory." Gu Chen said.
Liu nodded slightly: "yes, I mean this operation defect, because the effect is relative."
Lu Weiwei, if thoughtful, is also asking Liu Fa doctor: "according to why, why?"
"This..." Liu was just about to open his mouth, but he glanced at Gu Chen beside him, so he directly asked Gu Chen: "this question, Gu Chen, what's your opinion?"
"I think it's pollution." Gu Chen directly said: "pollution is a big problem, and there is a low detection rate, third, can not form a standard."
"Gu Chen, you go on talking," Liu said with a smile
"Yes." Gu Chen nodded silently. After a few seconds of silence, Gu Chen explained to everyone:
"maybe famous teachers can do this test, but others can't, that is to say, there is no repeatability."
"But there is no repetition. It can only be called experience, not science."
"That's great." Liu agreed with Gu Chen's view very much, but also could not help saying: "take me for example. Maybe for the detection, with my own rich detection experience, maybe we can succeed."
"But if, I mean if, give it to Gao Chuanfeng and other assistants to do it."
"In terms of experience, they are certainly not as good as mine. The consequence of their lack of experience is that the detection is not ideal and can not achieve accurate results."
"Therefore, this is what Gu Chen said. Things without repetition can only be called experience, not science."
"But to solve this problem, we have taken many detours."
"Yes." Gu Chen felt the same, nodded slightly and said, "for many years, in fact, the most traditional way to find diatoms It's a tissue specimen taken from a corpse. "
After extraction, the tissues were digested with mixed acid, centrifuged and separated, and finally the slides were prepared
"But after that, we have to use a light microscope to look for diatoms."
After a pause, Gu Chen said, "but there are many problems with such a traditional extraction method."
"Because the traditional strong acid digestion method is open, in the digestion process There is a risk of burning human body due to strong acid spraying. "
"In addition, nitrogen dioxide and malodorous gases released from the digestion process of strong acids and samples are easy to pollute the environment."
"So much trouble?" Officer Wang can't understand what Gu Chen is talking about. After all, these are beyond his cognitive outline.
Gu Chen is slightly nodded, continue to say: "yes, it is very troublesome, this is also a drawback."
"In addition, conventional digestion usually requires repeated centrifugation before slicing and observation. Once centrifugation, about 30% of diatom will be lost, resulting in low recovery rate of diatom extraction.""In addition, the traditional optical microscope has limited magnification, and relies on artificial search and analysis, and for micro diatoms, it is easy to miss detection or to accurately identify its species."
"But the characteristics of diatom determine that it is still the gold standard for drowning diagnosis. Through the analysis of diatom, it can not only judge the cause of death more directly, but also point to the possible drowning place."
"Yes, Gu Chen said very well." Liu forensic medical examiner, who has completed the next step of testing, carries out various operations in his hands, and looks back to everyone and says:
it is because of the traditional way of detection There are many disadvantages, so it is only by overcoming difficulties and improving technology that can make the results prominent. "
"In this regard, the Yangcheng colleagues did a good job."
"So how can we upgrade the existing diatom testing methods to make them practical?"
"The colleagues in Yangcheng have formed an interdisciplinary team composed of technical backbones in the criminal department. Besides the forensic, material, chemistry and biology, the team members have also studied materials."
"It is also because of such a multidisciplinary team of multi-key talents that can make breakthroughs in Deconstruction of organizations, preservation of diatom shell, enrichment of diatoms and process pollution prevention."
Looking back at the eyes, Liu forensics sighed deeply and said with a smile: "people often arrange the experiment in the night and in the wild, just like us, in order to do experimental research."
"Because we do drowning research, we can not cause too much attention from the society, and can not affect our daily life."
"Sometimes they go to the lake in the middle of the night to do research, and they go to the sea as far as possible, and call on sanitation vehicles to transport the lake back to the laboratory for research."
"It is because of this spirit of overcoming difficulties that people have been exploring technology by item, upgrading the traditional strong acid digestion to centrifugal enrichment, to optical microscopy, to microwave digestion, to filter membrane enrichment, to scanning electron microscopy."
"In this way, the time for the diatom to be processed It's a qualitative leap to cut the percentage of diatoms by three quarters, and the positive rate of diatoms has risen from 28 to 97 percent. "
"Yes." Gu Chen smiled and continued to supplement the speech of Liu forensic: "in fact, microwave digestion is used instead of traditional strong acid digestion, which shortens the treatment time, reduces the pollution to the environment, and the speed is fast and the digestion effect is thorough."
"The filtration with filter membrane not only replaces the traditional centrifugal treatment, but also greatly improves the recovery rate of diatom extraction."
"And the diameter of the filter hole on this membrane is only 0.45 microns."
Looking at the eyes, Gu Chen deliberately reminded: "please note that it is only 0.45 microns, which is enough to stop diatoms in nature."
"And use electron microscopy instead of traditional optical microscopy."
Luweiwei nodded silently and asked Gu Chen: "I know that the detection effect of electron microscope is far higher than that of traditional optical microscope."
"But, brother Gu, can you give a specific comparison, so that we can have a more intuitive understanding."
"Cough." In the face of Vivian's curiosity, Gu Chen coughed two times, and adjusted the airway:
so I will tell you that the magnification of traditional optical microscopy is only about 400 times, and it needs to be recognized by human eyes. "
"And the electron microscope can be scanned automatically, fast and accurate, and it is easy to realize automation."
"Technology alone, they are not on one level."
"It turns out that is not more simple and accurate?" "Automatic scanning, fast and accurate, easy to achieve automation, that any one can also hand."
"Yes." "It happened that we had one in our laboratory, so the detection was not complicated. The key is that the same people in sheep city paved the way for us."
"Yes." Gu Chen went to an electron microscope and said: "I remember the research team in Yangcheng, which has made remarkable achievements in a series of scientific instruments and scientific methods."
"And they have published many papers in the top international journal of forensic medicine, and have been invited to attend the International Court of justice Science Conference for academic reports for many years."
"In addition, they have also received four patents for invention and three patents for utility models."
"Hey, hey." Liu forensic heard of the words, but also envied: "they are mainly composed of backbone of the professional team of the boast discipline."
"In fact, I also set up research ideas many years ago, but I was not qualified and very worldly. It was just a dream to find this backbone interdisciplinary team member."
"And even if I have interdisciplinary team members and all of them are backbone, but the research funds are not in place, it is difficult to make a difference in this subject."
It seems to be with regret, Liu forensic after hearing Gu Chen praise the same company in Yangcheng, but also deeply breathes a sigh, trying to calm down the mood.Everyone seems to feel the helplessness of forensic Liu, can only look at each other, and dare not speak.
Liu chuckled: "it's not necessary for us to invest in software and equipment to complete the project."
"And even if you set up a professional interdisciplinary team, it will take years to do research, and you may not be able to achieve results in the end."
"Therefore, to obtain an upgrade detection scheme, it depends not only on the ability of the team, but also on the determination of the leaders to see whether they are willing to invest heavily in scientific research projects."
"And scientific research projects, often the most expensive, are not as fast as buying and selling real estate, and they can't make quick achievements."
"If the leader in charge has patience, he is afraid that the leader will be replaced, and the follow-up of the project will be cut off for other expenses."
"Anyway, it's not so easy to set up a scientific research project."
"Although I'm no longer a rookie at that time, I've also put forward suggestions with the leaders and can obtain a lot of research funds."
"But technology is always innovating. If you don't do it in the first place, people who are more willing to do it will take the lead."
"So now people have done these subjects, and they have also upgraded the detection scheme and widely promoted the new technology."
"The testing scheme we are using is based on the results of others."
"Forensic Liu, don't lose heart." Seeing Liu's feelings, Lu Weiwei quickly came to comfort her and said: "even though the diatom detection project is the first one to produce results, we can still make breakthroughs in other fields."
"Ha ha." Seeing that Lu Weiwei is so naive, Gao Chuanfeng, a forensic assistant, could not help laughing, but also said: "I said, Lu Weiwei, do you think the scientific research project is so easy to operate? I'll tell you, these so-called elite colleagues have not been idle these years. "
"All scientific research projects that are easy to operate and produce results have been basically done by others. At this stage, it is even more difficult to find new research projects in emerging fields."
"There are not a few decent high standard laboratories to do the foundation, you go to do it for me to see?"
Lu Weiwei was stunned and said: "well, I'll just talk about it casually. I'm not good at scientific research, but younger martial brother Gu can help."
After hearing the speech, Gu Chen nodded silently: "yes, if there is anything that can be used by me, I am willing to help without affecting my work. After all, I also need to learn."
"Ha ha." Listen to Gu Chen said that he also want to learn, Liu forensic medicine on the spot said with a smile: "you Gu Chen has this enthusiasm, also does not waste our Municipal Bureau Technology Department, every time give you priority to do testing."
Looking at the electron microscope in front of him, Liu also said with emotion: "new technology has been developed, but at the beginning, the cost of equipment required was too high, such as microwave and scanning electron microscope, which was very high. Not every public security unit, especially the grass-roots unit, could afford it."
"So why are the colleagues in Yangcheng so good? Because they also help us think about it."
"For this reason, they have also specially considered the popularization scheme of high quality and low price."
"You mean Leford aqua regia? " Asked Gu Chen.
Liu Xiangjun nodded: "yes, it's leford aqua regia. I didn't expect that you Gu Chen even knew this?"
"A little bit, but only a little bit." In fact, Gu Chen is quite familiar with this technology. In some scientific research journals, he even made special reading notes.
However, Mr. Liu told Mr. Liu that he would not be too modest to explain.
Liu also nodded and said: "because of the high cost of microwave digestion apparatus, we invented leford aqua regia, which is the mixture digestion method of three parts nitric acid and one part hydrochloric acid."
"The effect is better than the traditional strong acid digestion, with the characteristics of simple, efficient, accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis, low cost, simple operation and strong practicability."
Looking at the electron microscope in front of him, Liu also laughed: "the cost of electron microscope is also very high, so our colleagues in Yangcheng try to find a way to make the filter membrane transparent, so that we can observe through the optical microscope."
"In order to fill in the blank of diatom research, they also collected water samples from all over the country, observed and classified the diatom components, and systematized the research on diatoms in China."
"As far as this is concerned, people are really hard at it. It's natural that they can get such a great honor. We don't have to be jealous."
"Well, no pains, no gains." Lu Weiwei also said casually that this kind of scientific research is too complicated to be operated by the general scientific research team.
"The multi vacuum diatom enrichment equipment and consumables developed by Yangcheng Criminal Research Institute have realized industrial transformation and have been listed as the necessary equipment for provincial public security organs by the Ministry of public security," Liu said with a smile"At present, the criminal Institute of Yangcheng has held several training courses, and has attracted colleagues from all over the country to participate in the study, and has helped many provinces and cities to establish diatom testing laboratories."
"Not only that, but also tested a series of difficult cases for the whole country, and obtained clear conclusions, which played a key role in determining the nature, handling and litigation of the cases."
"And the most important thing is that Whether it is to assist in the examination or come to study, they will not accept a cent. "
"No money?" When he heard this, officer Wang was also shocked: "so This is the pattern. "
"Not really." Liu is also laughing Zizi said: "people can solve problems for everyone, that is the happiest thing for others."
"Moreover, after the development of this technology, the number of petition cases of corpses in water in Guangdong Province has gone from more than a dozen to a few in the past three years. This is also the social benefit of the new method of forensic diatom test."
"As for the recent, they will open a training course in Yangcheng to help train the testing personnel from all over the country to master the latest diatom detection technology."
"I'm going to choose a team to participate in, but I don't know Are you interested? "
……
www.mylovenovel.com , the fastest update of the webnovel!
"Interdisciplinary team?" Lu Weiwei was stunned. She couldn't help but say: "it's very impressive to hear the name. Isn't there not only a forensic doctor, but also other police and other professional personnel to participate in it?" Liu nodded slightly: "it's almost the same meaning, because in Jiangnan City, we still need to strengthen training in diatom detection, otherwise Gao Chuanfeng would not have asked such stupid questions." "Er." Suddenly feel himself lying in the gun, Gaochuan Feng feel the whole person is not good. Gu Chen is slightly frowned, tentatively said: "to build such an interdisciplinary team, it must be transferred backbone, team members must have forensic medicine, materials, chemistry, biology." "Yes, you're absolutely right." Liu fully agreed with Gu Chen's opinion, but he could not help saying: "with this interdisciplinary team, the next step is to focus on tackling three difficult problems." Officer Wang didn't understand very well. He asked, "forensic Liu, can you be more specific? What are the three problems? " After completing the periodic tests on his hands, Liu said, "the first thing is to digest the tissue and keep the shell of diatom." "Second, diatoms need to be enriched, and the third is process pollution prevention." Seeing the people bow their heads to think, Liu said: "these seemingly simple steps, in fact, if they are not operated properly in the process, there will be many problems." "For example, for diatom detection technology, this research is not just in the beginning. As early as 2003, the team bought an electron microscope to study the abnormal particles in drowned corpses." "They used the foreign bodies in the corpse to determine the cause and location of death. During the experiment, these forensic doctors were surprised to find that diatoms were more effective in practical application, but also defective." "Master, don't talk about the advantages, but talk about the disadvantages." Medical assistant Gao Chuanfeng is also a little impatient. Liu gave him a glance and said, "if it is a defect, it is a defect in operation." "Operational defects?" Gao Chuan Feng a stay, quickly frown and ask: "which aspect does it refer to specifically?" "In practice, the effect of diatom detection technology may not be satisfactory." Gu Chen said. Liu nodded slightly: "yes, I mean this operation defect, because the effect is relative." Lu Weiwei, if thoughtful, is also asking Liu Fa doctor: "according to why, why?" "This..." Liu was just about to open his mouth, but he glanced at Gu Chen beside him, so he directly asked Gu Chen: "this question, Gu Chen, what's your opinion?" "I think it's pollution." Gu Chen directly said: "pollution is a big problem, and there is a low detection rate, third, can not form a standard." "Gu Chen, you go on talking," Liu said with a smile "Yes." Gu Chen nodded silently. After a few seconds of silence, Gu Chen explained to everyone: "maybe famous teachers can do this test, but others can't, that is to say, there is no repeatability." "But there is no repetition. It can only be called experience, not science." "That's great." Liu agreed with Gu Chen's view very much, but also could not help saying: "take me for example. Maybe for the detection, with my own rich detection experience, maybe we can succeed." "But if, I mean if, give it to Gao Chuanfeng and other assistants to do it." "In terms of experience, they are certainly not as good as mine. The consequence of their lack of experience is that the detection is not ideal and can not achieve accurate results." "Therefore, this is what Gu Chen said. Things without repetition can only be called experience, not science." "But to solve this problem, we have taken many detours." "Yes." Gu Chen felt the same, nodded slightly and said, "for many years, in fact, the most traditional way to find diatoms It's a tissue specimen taken from a corpse. " After extraction, the tissues were digested with mixed acid, centrifuged and separated, and finally the slides were prepared "But after that, we have to use a light microscope to look for diatoms." After a pause, Gu Chen said, "but there are many problems with such a traditional extraction method." "Because the traditional strong acid digestion method is open, in the digestion process There is a risk of burning human body due to strong acid spraying. " "In addition, nitrogen dioxide and malodorous gases released from the digestion process of strong acids and samples are easy to pollute the environment." "So much trouble?" Officer Wang can't understand what Gu Chen is talking about. After all, these are beyond his cognitive outline. Gu Chen is slightly nodded, continue to say: "yes, it is very troublesome, this is also a drawback." "In addition, conventional digestion usually requires repeated centrifugation before slicing and observation. Once centrifugation, about 30% of diatom will be lost, resulting in low recovery rate of diatom extraction.""In addition, the traditional optical microscope has limited magnification, and relies on artificial search and analysis, and for micro diatoms, it is easy to miss detection or to accurately identify its species." "But the characteristics of diatom determine that it is still the gold standard for drowning diagnosis. Through the analysis of diatom, it can not only judge the cause of death more directly, but also point to the possible drowning place." "Yes, Gu Chen said very well." Liu forensic medical examiner, who has completed the next step of testing, carries out various operations in his hands, and looks back to everyone and says: it is because of the traditional way of detection There are many disadvantages, so it is only by overcoming difficulties and improving technology that can make the results prominent. " "In this regard, the Yangcheng colleagues did a good job." "So how can we upgrade the existing diatom testing methods to make them practical?" "The colleagues in Yangcheng have formed an interdisciplinary team composed of technical backbones in the criminal department. Besides the forensic, material, chemistry and biology, the team members have also studied materials." "It is also because of such a multidisciplinary team of multi-key talents that can make breakthroughs in Deconstruction of organizations, preservation of diatom shell, enrichment of diatoms and process pollution prevention." Looking back at the eyes, Liu forensics sighed deeply and said with a smile: "people often arrange the experiment in the night and in the wild, just like us, in order to do experimental research." "Because we do drowning research, we can not cause too much attention from the society, and can not affect our daily life." "Sometimes they go to the lake in the middle of the night to do research, and they go to the sea as far as possible, and call on sanitation vehicles to transport the lake back to the laboratory for research." "It is because of this spirit of overcoming difficulties that people have been exploring technology by item, upgrading the traditional strong acid digestion to centrifugal enrichment, to optical microscopy, to microwave digestion, to filter membrane enrichment, to scanning electron microscopy." "In this way, the time for the diatom to be processed It's a qualitative leap to cut the percentage of diatoms by three quarters, and the positive rate of diatoms has risen from 28 to 97 percent. " "Yes." Gu Chen smiled and continued to supplement the speech of Liu forensic: "in fact, microwave digestion is used instead of traditional strong acid digestion, which shortens the treatment time, reduces the pollution to the environment, and the speed is fast and the digestion effect is thorough." "The filtration with filter membrane not only replaces the traditional centrifugal treatment, but also greatly improves the recovery rate of diatom extraction." "And the diameter of the filter hole on this membrane is only 0.45 microns." Looking at the eyes, Gu Chen deliberately reminded: "please note that it is only 0.45 microns, which is enough to stop diatoms in nature." "And use electron microscopy instead of traditional optical microscopy." Luweiwei nodded silently and asked Gu Chen: "I know that the detection effect of electron microscope is far higher than that of traditional optical microscope." "But, brother Gu, can you give a specific comparison, so that we can have a more intuitive understanding." "Cough." In the face of Vivian's curiosity, Gu Chen coughed two times, and adjusted the airway: so I will tell you that the magnification of traditional optical microscopy is only about 400 times, and it needs to be recognized by human eyes. " "And the electron microscope can be scanned automatically, fast and accurate, and it is easy to realize automation." "Technology alone, they are not on one level." "It turns out that is not more simple and accurate?" "Automatic scanning, fast and accurate, easy to achieve automation, that any one can also hand." "Yes." "It happened that we had one in our laboratory, so the detection was not complicated. The key is that the same people in sheep city paved the way for us." "Yes." Gu Chen went to an electron microscope and said: "I remember the research team in Yangcheng, which has made remarkable achievements in a series of scientific instruments and scientific methods." "And they have published many papers in the top international journal of forensic medicine, and have been invited to attend the International Court of justice Science Conference for academic reports for many years." "In addition, they have also received four patents for invention and three patents for utility models." "Hey, hey." Liu forensic heard of the words, but also envied: "they are mainly composed of backbone of the professional team of the boast discipline." "In fact, I also set up research ideas many years ago, but I was not qualified and very worldly. It was just a dream to find this backbone interdisciplinary team member." "And even if I have interdisciplinary team members and all of them are backbone, but the research funds are not in place, it is difficult to make a difference in this subject." It seems to be with regret, Liu forensic after hearing Gu Chen praise the same company in Yangcheng, but also deeply breathes a sigh, trying to calm down the mood.Everyone seems to feel the helplessness of forensic Liu, can only look at each other, and dare not speak. Liu chuckled: "it's not necessary for us to invest in software and equipment to complete the project." "And even if you set up a professional interdisciplinary team, it will take years to do research, and you may not be able to achieve results in the end." "Therefore, to obtain an upgrade detection scheme, it depends not only on the ability of the team, but also on the determination of the leaders to see whether they are willing to invest heavily in scientific research projects." "And scientific research projects, often the most expensive, are not as fast as buying and selling real estate, and they can't make quick achievements." "If the leader in charge has patience, he is afraid that the leader will be replaced, and the follow-up of the project will be cut off for other expenses." "Anyway, it's not so easy to set up a scientific research project." "Although I'm no longer a rookie at that time, I've also put forward suggestions with the leaders and can obtain a lot of research funds." "But technology is always innovating. If you don't do it in the first place, people who are more willing to do it will take the lead." "So now people have done these subjects, and they have also upgraded the detection scheme and widely promoted the new technology." "The testing scheme we are using is based on the results of others." "Forensic Liu, don't lose heart." Seeing Liu's feelings, Lu Weiwei quickly came to comfort her and said: "even though the diatom detection project is the first one to produce results, we can still make breakthroughs in other fields." "Ha ha." Seeing that Lu Weiwei is so naive, Gao Chuanfeng, a forensic assistant, could not help laughing, but also said: "I said, Lu Weiwei, do you think the scientific research project is so easy to operate? I'll tell you, these so-called elite colleagues have not been idle these years. " "All scientific research projects that are easy to operate and produce results have been basically done by others. At this stage, it is even more difficult to find new research projects in emerging fields." "There are not a few decent high standard laboratories to do the foundation, you go to do it for me to see?" Lu Weiwei was stunned and said: "well, I'll just talk about it casually. I'm not good at scientific research, but younger martial brother Gu can help." After hearing the speech, Gu Chen nodded silently: "yes, if there is anything that can be used by me, I am willing to help without affecting my work. After all, I also need to learn." "Ha ha." Listen to Gu Chen said that he also want to learn, Liu forensic medicine on the spot said with a smile: "you Gu Chen has this enthusiasm, also does not waste our Municipal Bureau Technology Department, every time give you priority to do testing." Looking at the electron microscope in front of him, Liu also said with emotion: "new technology has been developed, but at the beginning, the cost of equipment required was too high, such as microwave and scanning electron microscope, which was very high. Not every public security unit, especially the grass-roots unit, could afford it." "So why are the colleagues in Yangcheng so good? Because they also help us think about it." "For this reason, they have also specially considered the popularization scheme of high quality and low price." "You mean Leford aqua regia? " Asked Gu Chen. Liu Xiangjun nodded: "yes, it's leford aqua regia. I didn't expect that you Gu Chen even knew this?" "A little bit, but only a little bit." In fact, Gu Chen is quite familiar with this technology. In some scientific research journals, he even made special reading notes. However, Mr. Liu told Mr. Liu that he would not be too modest to explain. Liu also nodded and said: "because of the high cost of microwave digestion apparatus, we invented leford aqua regia, which is the mixture digestion method of three parts nitric acid and one part hydrochloric acid." "The effect is better than the traditional strong acid digestion, with the characteristics of simple, efficient, accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis, low cost, simple operation and strong practicability." Looking at the electron microscope in front of him, Liu also laughed: "the cost of electron microscope is also very high, so our colleagues in Yangcheng try to find a way to make the filter membrane transparent, so that we can observe through the optical microscope." "In order to fill in the blank of diatom research, they also collected water samples from all over the country, observed and classified the diatom components, and systematized the research on diatoms in China." "As far as this is concerned, people are really hard at it. It's natural that they can get such a great honor. We don't have to be jealous." "Well, no pains, no gains." Lu Weiwei also said casually that this kind of scientific research is too complicated to be operated by the general scientific research team. "The multi vacuum diatom enrichment equipment and consumables developed by Yangcheng Criminal Research Institute have realized industrial transformation and have been listed as the necessary equipment for provincial public security organs by the Ministry of public security," Liu said with a smile"At present, the criminal Institute of Yangcheng has held several training courses, and has attracted colleagues from all over the country to participate in the study, and has helped many provinces and cities to establish diatom testing laboratories." "Not only that, but also tested a series of difficult cases for the whole country, and obtained clear conclusions, which played a key role in determining the nature, handling and litigation of the cases." "And the most important thing is that Whether it is to assist in the examination or come to study, they will not accept a cent. " "No money?" When he heard this, officer Wang was also shocked: "so This is the pattern. " "Not really." Liu is also laughing Zizi said: "people can solve problems for everyone, that is the happiest thing for others." "Moreover, after the development of this technology, the number of petition cases of corpses in water in Guangdong Province has gone from more than a dozen to a few in the past three years. This is also the social benefit of the new method of forensic diatom test." "As for the recent, they will open a training course in Yangcheng to help train the testing personnel from all over the country to master the latest diatom detection technology." "I'm going to choose a team to participate in, but I don't know Are you interested? " www.mylovenovel.com , the fastest update of the webnovel!
